miércoles, 9 de diciembre de 2015

Frequency Adverbs (Adverbios de frecuencia)

 

 Adverbs of Frequency 

 

 What is an adverb of frequency?

Adverbs that change or qualify the meaning of a sentence by telling us how often or how frequently something happens are defined as adverbs of frequency.
An adverb of frequency is exactly what it sounds like – an adverb of time. Adverbs of frequency always describe how often something occurs, either in definite or indefinite terms. An adverb that describes definite frequency is one such as weekly, daily, or yearly. An adverb describing indefinite frequency doesn’t specify an exact time frame; examples are sometimes, often, and rarely.
These simple rules for adverbs of frequency will help you to use them correctly:
  • Always use adverbs of frequency to discuss how often something happens.
  • Adverbs of frequency are often used to indicate routine or repeated activities, so they are often used with the present simple tense.
  • If a sentence has only one verb, place the adverb of frequency in the middle of the sentence so that it is positioned after the subject but before the verb. For example: Tom never flies. He always takes the bus.
  • When a sentence contains more than one verb, place the adverb of frequency before the main verb. For example: They have often visited Europe.
  • When using an adverb of frequency in the negative or in forming a question, place it before the main verb. For example: Do you usually get up so late?
Examples of Adverbs of Frequency
Each sentence contains an example of an adverb of frequency; the examples are italicized for easy identification.
The incubator turns each egg hourly.
We take a vacation at least once annually.
I usually shop for groceries on Saturday mornings.
He is often late for work.
We seldom see John.
My dentist told me I should floss twice daily.

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The simple past tense



The simple past tense


1. The Simple Past Tense is one of the most common tenses in English. The simple past tense is used: 1. Use the simple past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. The specific time is not mentioned sometimes, but a specific time is in mind.

2. We use the simple past tense to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions occur in a time sequence: first, second, third…

 3. The simple past can be used with a duration (a long action) which starts and ends in the past. A duration is often used with expressions like “for three years,” “for twenty minutes,” “all day,” or “all year.”
Examples: I lived in Morelia for four years. Alonso studied Chinese for seven years. We sat at the beach all day. They talked on the phone for ten minutes. How long did you wait for Sharon? I waited for about half-an-hour. 

4. To tell a story. Example: The old man went into a bar and asked for a beer... 5. The simple past tense is often used with certain phrases of time: yesterday, last night, last month, last year, five years ago. In the simple past a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. Its form is the same with all subjects (except for the verb be ). Many verbs in English form their past tense with –ED and are called regular verbs. To express a habit in the past.

What time is It? (¿Que hora es?)




What's the Time in English? (¿Que hora es en ingles?)



Explanation

There are two common ways of telling the time.

Formal but easier way

Say the hours first and then the minutes.
Example: 7:45 - seven forty-five
For minutes 01 through 09, you can pronounce the '0' as oh.
Example: 11:06 - eleven (oh) six

More popular way

Say the minutes first and then the hours. Use past and the preceding hour for minutes 01 through 30. Use to and the forthcoming hour for minutes 31 through 59, but .
Example: 7.15 - fifteen minutes past seven
Example: 7.45 - fifteen minutes to eight
Another possibility of saying '15 minutes past' is: a quarter past
Another possibility of saying '15 minutes to' is: a quarter to
Another possibility of saying '30 minutes past' is: half past
Example: 5:30 - half past five

Watch


Note

Use o'clock only at the full hour.
Example: 7:00 - seven o'clock (but 7:10 - ten past seven)
In English ordinary speech, the twelve-hour clock is used.(i)
Beispiel: 17:20 - twenty past five
For times around midnight or midday you can use the expressions midnight or midday / noon instead of the number 12.
Beispiel: 00:00 - midnight
Beispiel: 12:00 - midday or noon
To make clear (where necessary) whether you mean a time before 12 o'clock noon or after, you can use in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night. Use in the morning before 12 o'clock noon, after 12 o'clock noon use in the afternoon. When to change from afternoon to evening, from evening to night and from night to morning depends on your sense of time.
Example: 3:15 - a quarter past three in the morning OR a quarter past three at night
More formal expressions to indicate whether a time is before noon or after are a.m. (also: am - ante meridiem, before noon) and p.m. (also: pm - post meridiem, after noon). Use these expression only with the formal way of telling the time.
Example: 3:15 - three fifteen a.m.
It is not usual to use a.m. and p.m. with past/to.
Example: 3:15 - fifteen minutes past three OR a quarter past three

Comparative Adjectives



Comparative Forms of Adjectives 


When we compare two things, we often use the comparative forms of adjectives, for example: My brother is 20 years old and your brother is 18. My brother is older than your brother. A compact car is usually cheaper than a van. The shortest and most commonly used English uses endings in order to express different types of comparison. In the comparative form, the ending is –er. For example: tall 

How these forms are created depends on how many syllables there are in the adjective. For instance, “old” contains one syllable, but “happy” contains two – ha and ppy , but “expensive”, which has three syllables, follows a different rule: more + expensive.

 One-syllable Adjectives
To form the comparative, we add -er to the end of the adjective.
To form the superlative, we add -est to the end of the adjective.

Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
small
smaller
the smallest
cold
colder
the coldest
light
lighter
the lightest
short
shorter
the shortest

Remember that comparatives are often followed by than.
  • London is bigger than Santiago.
  • Mike is taller than John but James is the tallest.

Two-syllable Adjectives ending in -Y
To form the comparative, we remove the -y and add -ier to the end of the adjective.
To form the superlative, we remove the -y and add -iest to the end of the adjective.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
crazy
crazier
the craziest
happy
happier
the happiest
early
earlier
the earliest

  • It was the happiest day of my life.
  • My joke was funnier than your one.

Adjectives with Two or more Syllables
For Adjectives with 2 syllables (that don't end in -y) and higher (3, 4 syllables etc), we use more for comparatives and the most for superlatives.
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
handsome
more handsome
the most handsome
nervous
more nervous
the most nervous
enthusiastic
more enthusiastic
the most enthusiastic

  • My girlfriend is more beautiful than yours.
  • Alex is more intelligent than you but I am the most intelligent.

Irregular Forms
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
good
better
the best
bad
worse
the worst
far
further / farther
the furthest / farthest

  • I am a better tennis player than you but Marcelo is the best.
  • Steve is a worse liar than me but Adrian is the worst.

Note: Further / farther, furthest / farthest are all used for distance.
Only Further / furthest are used to mean 'additional' or 'more advanced'.
  • Puerto Montt is further / farther than Valdivia is from here (in Santiago).
  • If you require further information, please contact reception.

Remember that the opposites of 'more' and 'most' are 'less' and 'least', respectively.


Adjectives (Adjetivos)




 Adjectives

An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or pronoun. Adjectives are used to describe qualities or characteristics of someone or something. We usually use adjectives to describe qualities such as size, shape, age, height, weight, price, or length. For example:

SIZE: Tiny, small, big, large, extra large.
WEIGHT: Light, heavy.
SHAPE: Round, square, triangular, thin, fat.
PRICE: Cheap, expensive.
AGE: Young, old, antique, new.
 LENGTH: Short, long.
 HEIGHT: Short, tall.
  •  Other characteristics: color: strength: speed: light, dark strong, weak slow, fast

lunes, 7 de diciembre de 2015

Lista de adjetivos





 Hola, hoy les vengo a compartir unos cuantos adjetivos en inglés.

Appearance adjectives

  • adorable
  • beautiful
  • clean
  • drab
  • elegant
  • fancy
  • glamorous
  • handsome
  • long
  • magnificent
  • old-fashioned
  • plain
  • quaint
  • sparkling
  • ugliest
  • unsightly
  • wide-eyed

Color adjectives

  • red
  • orange
  • yellow
  • green
  • blue
  • purple
  • gray
  • black
  • white

Condition adjectives

  • alive
  • better
  • careful
  • clever
  • dead
  • easy
  • famous
  • gifted
  • helpful
  • important
  • inexpensive
  • mushy
  • odd
  • powerful
  • rich
  • shy
  • tender
  • uninterested
  • vast
  • wrong

Personality adjectives – Positive

  • agreeable
  • brave
  • calm
  • delightful
  • eager
  • faithful
  • gentle
  • happy
  • jolly
  • kind
  • lively
  • nice
  • obedient
  • proud
  • relieved
  • silly
  • thankful
  • victorious
  • witty
  • zealous

Personality adjectives – Negative

  • angry
  • bewildered
  • clumsy
  • defeated
  • embarrassed
  • fierce
  • grumpy
  • helpless
  • itchy
  • jealous
  • lazy
  • mysterious
  • nervous
  • obnoxious
  • panicky
  • repulsive
  • scary
  • thoughtless
  • uptight
  • worried

Shape adjectives

  • broad
  • chubby
  • crooked
  • curved
  • deep
  • flat
  • high
  • hollow
  • low
  • narrow
  • round
  • shallow
  • skinny
  • square
  • steep
  • straight
  • wide

Size adjectives

  • big
  • colossal
  • fat
  • gigantic
  • great
  • huge
  • immense
  • large
  • little
  • mammoth
  • massive
  • miniature
  • petite
  • puny
  • scrawny
  • short
  • small
  • tall
  • teeny
  • teeny-tiny
  • tiny

Sound adjectives

  • cooing
  • deafening
  • faint
  • hissing
  • loud
  • melodic
  • noisy
  • purring
  • quiet
  • raspy
  • screeching
  • thundering
  • voiceless
  • whispering

Time adjectives

  • ancient
  • brief
  • early
  • fast
  • late
  • long
  • modern
  • old
  • old-fashioned
  • quick
  • rapid
  • short
  • slow
  • swift
  • young

Taste/touch adjectives

  • bitter
  • delicious
  • fresh
  • greasy
  • juicy
  • hot
  • icy
  • loose
  • melted
  • nutritious
  • prickly
  • rainy
  • rotten
  • salty
  • sticky
  • strong
  • sweet
  • tart
  • tasteless
  • uneven
  • weak
  • wet
  • wooden
  • yummy

Touch adjectives

  • boiling
  • breeze
  • broken
  • bumpy
  • chilly
  • cold
  • cool
  • creepy
  • crooked
  • cuddly
  • curly
  • damaged
  • damp
  • dirty
  • dry
  • dusty
  • filthy
  • flaky
  • fluffy
  • freezing
  • hot
  • warm
  • wet

Quantity adjectives


  • abundant
  • empty
  • few
  • full
  • heavy
  • light
  • many
  • numerous
  • sparse
  • substantial

Verbs (Verbos)




What is a verb?

A verb is one of the main parts of a sentence or question in English.
In fact, you can’t have a sentence or a question without a verb! That’s how important these “action” parts of speech are.
The verb signals an action, an occurrence, or a state of being. Whether mental, physical, or mechanical, verbs always express activity.

Comenzaremos con una lista de verbos:
Run- Correr
Swim- Nadar
Eat- Comer
Write- Escribir
Read- Leer
Study- Estudiar
Sleep- Dormir


Types of Verbs

How many types of verbs are there? In addition to the main categories of physical verbs, mental verbs, and state of being verbs, there are several other types of verbs. In fact, there are more than ten different types of verbs that are grouped by function.

List of all Verb Types


 
Action verbs express specific actions, and are used any time you want to show action or discuss someone doing something.
 
 
Transitive verbs are action verbs that always express doable activities. These verbs always have direct objects, meaning someone or something receives the action of the verb.
Intransitive Verbs
Intransitive verbs are action verbs that always express doable activities. No direct object follows an intransitive verb.
 
 
Auxiliary verbs are also known as helping verbs, and are used together with a main verb to show the verb’s tense or to form a question or negative.
 
 
Stative verbs can be recognized because they express a state rather than an action. They typically relate to thoughts, emotions, relationships, senses, states of being, and measurements.
 
 
Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that are used to express abilities, possibilities, permissions, and obligations.

 
Phrasal verbs aren’t single words; instead, they are combinations of words that are used together to take on a different meaning to that of the original verb.
 
 
Irregular verbs are those that don’t take on the regular spelling patterns of past simple and past participle verbs.